Forex Market :-Market Introduction :- forex history

Forex (Foreign Exchange) is the international financial market used for trade of world currencies. It has been working since 70s of the 20th century - from the moment when the biggest world nations decided to switch from fixed exchange rates to floating ones.

Daily volume of Forex trade exceeds 4 trillion United States dollars, and this number is always growing.

Main currency for Forex operations is the United States dollar (USD).

Main Forex market participants:

- Central banks of countries;
- Commercial banks;
- Investing banks;
- Brokers, dealers;
- Pension funds;
- Insurance companies;
- International corporations;
- Individuals.

Unlike stock exchanges, Forex market doesn't have any fixed schedule or operating hours - it's open 24 hours per day, 5 days per week from Monday to Friday, since buy/sell orders are performed by world banks any time during the day or night (some banks even work on Saturdays and Sundays). Just like any other exchange, Forex market is driven by supply and demand of a particular tool. For instance, there are buyers and sellers for "Euro vs US dollar".

Exchange rates at Forex are changing constantly, and fluctuations may happen many times per second - this market is very liquid.

Exchange rates are influenced by:

- Economical factors (economical indicators of countries at the moment, politics of Central banks, changing interest rates, behaviour of importers and exporters, etc);
- Political factors (speeches of political leaders, president elections, etc);
- Market participants' mood and feelings, their expectations, rumours, etc;
- Force-major events (terroristic acts, accidents, catastrophes, etc).

Nevertheless, Forex market is much more stable than stock exchanges - it is not subject to huge surges, even if one currency is declining, another one is improving.

One of big advantages of the market is its' close relation with latest information technologies. Clients from different parts of the planet may connect to Internet and start trading. Even big banks tend to use electronic trading - it's the most common way of trading now. At this moment, Forex is at the rapid developing phase, and it's expected to grow more and more in the future.

Some of the advantages of Forex market over stock markets and/or other equities include:

- Traders can make profits both on declining and developing economies;
- Traders can make very short-term orders - with some other markets there are certain regulations;
- Thanks to retail centers like "Forex 4 You", it's much easier to join Forex market - virtually no minimum capital, quick registration, etc;
- Market is not regulated;
- There are no broker commissions or they are very low;
- Much higher leverages are provided;
- Market works non-stop 24 hours.

forex :- Inventories released by the US

The Wholesale Inventories released by the US Census Bureau captures sales and inventory statistics from the second stage of the manufacturing process. The sales figures do not move the market as they do not reflect personal consumption while wholesale inventories may change the aggregate inventory profile which can influence the GDP forecast. A high inventory suggests economic slowing in the US, that is seen as negative (or bearish) for the USD, whereas a low reading is seen as positive (or bullish).

forex in july :- forex and GBP

Generally speaking, the British Pound incurred pressure all over last session and so completed the day with significant loss to the US Dollar. Obviously, the first impression of the GfK data on the consumer confidence in Great Britain, which were worse than before, was influencing the whole day. Furthermore, the general market layout never encouraged the raise of the inclination to risk. Moreover, the later published economic data from the “Isles”, which demonstrated positive, failed to change the environment greatly, but caused the transient “cable” purchases influxes only. The consumer confidence index fell down to -19 points from -18 in May i.e., exceeded the forecasts. That might be caused by the expectances of the state expenditures retrenchment and also fiscal tightening. However, the British home prices up-rocketed in June as compared to the previous month, though with slowdown. The home price index grew up for 0.1% m/m and 8.7% y/y, whereas it was +0.5% m/m and 9.8% y/y in May. The business investment also rose up: it was stated 7.8% q/q and -7.7% y/y of the upturn in the 1st quarter, despite the presumed +6.0% q/q and -11.0% y/y. Today the publicizing of the British business activity “triptych” is going to start. The market is looking forward for the announcement of the manufacturing activity – the PMI for this branch is like to slide down to 57.6 from 58.0. Besides, the Bank of England Quarterly Credit Conditions Report for the 2nd quarter will also attract attention. Neither special negative nor essential positive is expected. So, the news is going to make no influence, in fact. That’s why the Sterling will stay within the ranges with the inclination to slight loss to the “buck” amidst the expectances of the tomorrow US Main Labor Report.

forex in july :- forex and EUR

The common European currency slightly advanced at the last session due to the support from the ECB tender of three-month crediting. The demand for the liquidities turned out to be worse than forecasted as the Banks were interested in 133.933 Billion only, while the analysts expected the loans in amount of about 250 Billion of euro. The assets’ capacity wasn’t limited. Actually, the Bank could get the necessary amount at interest of 1.0%. That’s why the result of the kind was considered as a justification of the absence of problems of assets’ deficiency at the Euro zone financial institutions. That also meant the latter were able to fulfill their obligations without any supplemental assistance. Of course, it became a good reason for optimism, so the Euro occurred in the forefront of purchasing increase amidst the upturn of the European stick indexes. However, the common fears about the economic increase together with the data from the USA, in particular the ADP report, and finally, still acute debts troubles of the Euro zone countries suppressed the common currency, which lost some part of recently got positions and kept a little gain to the US Dollar only. The publication of the Euro zone’s economic statistics made no influence, because the result was quite predictable: the number of the German jobless decreased for 21 thousand, despite the forecasts of -23 thousand, so the unemployment rate kept the previous mark of 7.7%. The consumer inflation fell down a little all over the Euro zone as the consumer price index occurred at 1.4% after 1.6% in May. The today news is going to represent the ISM data on the manufacturing of the Euro zone in general, Germany and some other leading countries of the block. The June PMI is foreseen remained at the value of the advanced estimation in Germany, France and in the Euro zone in general, while the Italian one is predicted sagging. Besides, the data on the retail sales in Germany will also arouse interest due to the probability of the essential increase: 0.5% m/m and -0.6% y/y thereupon -0.5% m/m and -3.1% y/y before. Also possible, the Euro would get a support by reason of this publication, but for a short while only, as it seems, because the anticipation of the data from the USA has already begun to make their impact on the market and will have kept tension till tomorrow.